Abstract

The concept of the midlife crisis, first introduced by Elliott Jaques in 1965, refers to a period of psychological turbulence often occurring between the ages of 40 and 60. Commonly associated with emotional distress, existential reflection, and major life transitions, it has been linked to issues such as career dissatisfaction, relationship challenges, and identity re-evaluation. Despite its prevalence in popular culture, the universality of the midlife crisis remains contested. Some view it as an inevitable developmental stage, while others argue that it is a socially constructed and overgeneralized narrative. Importantly, midlife is not solely a time of regret or anxiety—it can also represent a phase of personal growth, stability, and renewed purpose. This review explores the psychological, biological, and sociocultural dimensions of the midlife crisis, drawing on key theories, empirical research, and critical perspectives to better understand its complexities and implications for individuals and society.

Keywords: end-of-life care centers, social isolation, end-of-life care, quality of life, psychological distress, social support, patient–centered care